Compare Bolivia (2003) - Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2006)

Compare Bolivia (2003) z Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2006)

	Bolivia (2003)	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2006)

Administrative divisions	9 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Beni, La Paz, Oruro, Pando, Potosi, Santa Cruz, Tarija	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 37.1% (male 1,624,366; female 1,562,501) 15-64 years: 58.4% (male 2,452,892; female 2,561,873) 65 years and over: 4.5% (male 172,292; female 212,519) (2003 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	soybeans, coffee, coca, cotton, corn, sugarcane, rice, potatoes; timber	-
Airports	1,081 (2002)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 12 over 3,047 m: 4 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1,069 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 64 914 to 1,523 m: 225 under 914 m: 776 (2002)	-
Area	total: 1,098,580 sq km land: 1,084,390 sq km water: 14,190 sq km	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island
Area - comparative	slightly less than three times the size of Montana	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	Bolivia, named after independence fighter Simon BOLIVAR, broke away from Spanish rule in 1825; much of its subsequent history has consisted of a series of nearly 200 coups and counter-coups. Comparatively democratic civilian rule was established in the 1980s, but leaders have faced difficult problems of deep-seated poverty, social unrest, and drug production. Current goals include attracting foreign investment, strengthening the educational system, resolving disputes with coca growers over Bolivia's counterdrug efforts, continuing the privatization program, and waging an anticorruption campaign.	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.
Birth rate	25.53 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $4 billion expenditures: $4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2002 est.)	-
Capital	La Paz (seat of government); Sucre (legal capital and seat of judiciary)	-
Climate	varies with altitude; humid and tropical to cold and semiarid	tropical
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	74.1 km
Constitution	2 February 1967; revised in August 1994	-
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Bolivia conventional short form: Bolivia local long form: Republica de Bolivia local short form: Bolivia	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Currency	boliviano (BOB)	-
Death rate	7.91 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
Debt - external	$5.9 billion (2002 est.)	-
Dependency status	-	territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador David N. GREENLEE embassy: Avenida Arce 2780, San Jorge, La Paz mailing address: P. O. Box 425, La Paz; APO AA 34032 telephone: [591] (2) 2430120, 2430251 FAX: [591] (2) 2433900	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Jaime APARICIO Otero chancery: 3014 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 483-4410 FAX: [1] (202) 328-3712 consulate(s) general: Miami, New York, and San Francisco consulate(s): Washington, DC	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	continues to press Chile and Peru to restore the Atacama corridor ceded to Chile in 1884; Chile demands water rights to Bolivia's Rio Lauca and Silala Spring	Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia has closed the surrounding waters to Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity
Economic aid - recipient	$588 million (1997)	-
Economy - overview	Bolivia, long one of the poorest and least developed Latin American countries, made considerable progress in the 1990s toward the development of a market-oriented economy. Successes under President SANCHEZ DE LOZADA (1993-97) included the signing of a free trade agreement with Mexico and becoming an associate member of the Southern Cone Common Market (Mercosur), as well as the privatization of the state airline, telephone company, railroad, electric power company, and oil company. Growth slowed in 1999, in part due to tight government budget policies, which limited needed appropriations for anti-poverty programs, and the fallout from the Asian financial crisis. In 2000, major civil disturbances held down growth to 2.5%. Bolivia's GDP failed to grow in 2001 due to the global slowdown and laggard domestic activity. Growth picked up slightly in 2002, but the first quarter of 2003 saw extensive civil riots and looting and loss of confidence in the government. Bolivia will remain highly dependent on foreign aid unless and until it can develop its substantial natural resources.	no economic activity
Electricity - consumption	3.634 billion kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - exports	3 million kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	9 million kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production	3.901 billion kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 44.4% hydro: 54% nuclear: 0% other: 1.5% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Rio Paraguay 90 m highest point: Nevado Sajama 6,542 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m
Environment - current issues	the clearing of land for agricultural purposes and the international demand for tropical timber are contributing to deforestation; soil erosion from overgrazing and poor cultivation methods (including slash-and-burn agriculture); desertification; loss of biodiversity; industrial pollution of water supplies used for drinking and irrigation	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection	-
Ethnic groups	Quechua 30%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry) 30%, Aymara 25%, white 15%	-
Exchange rates	bolivianos per US dollar - 7.17 (2002), 6.61 (2001), 6.18 (2000), 5.81 (1999), 5.51 (1998)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President Carlos Diego MESA Gisbert (since 17 October 2003); Vice President (vacant); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Carlos Diego MESA Gisbert (since 17 October 2003); Vice President (vacant); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 30 June 2002 (next to be held NA June 2007) election results: as a result of no candidate winning a majority in the 30 June 2002 election, Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA Bustamante was chosen president by Congress; Congressional votes - Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA Bustamante 84, Evo MORALES 43; note - following the resignation of the elected president on 17 October 2003, Vice President Carlos Diego MESA Gisbert assumed the presidency	-
Exports	NA (2001)	-
Exports - commodities	soybeans, natural gas, zinc, gold, wood (2000)	-
Exports - partners	Brazil 24.3%, Switzerland 15.7%, US 14.1%, Venezuela 12.8%, Colombia 10.2%, Peru 5.4% (2002)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green with the coat of arms centered on the yellow band; similar to the flag of Ghana, which has a large black five-pointed star centered in the yellow band	the flag of Australia is used
GDP	purchasing power parity - $21.15 billion (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 20% industry: 20% services: 60% (2002 est.)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $2,500 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	2.8% (2002 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	17 00 S, 65 00 W	12 14 S, 123 05 E
Geography - note	landlocked; shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable lake (elevation 3,805 m), with Peru	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983
Highways	total: 53,790 km paved: 3,496 km (including 13 km of expressways) unpaved: 50,294 km (2000 est.)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 1.3% highest 10%: 32% (1999)	-
Illicit drugs	world's third-largest cultivator of coca (after Colombia and Peru) with an estimated 24,400 hectares under cultivation in June 2002, a 23% increase from June 2001; intermediate coca products and cocaine exported to or through Colombia, Brazil, Argentina, and Chile to the US and other international drug markets; eradication and alternative crop programs under the SANCHEZ DE LOZADA administration have been unable to keep pace with farmers' attempts to increase cultivation after significant reductions in 1998 and 1999; money-laundering activity related to narcotics trade, especially along the borders with Brazil and Paraguay	-
Imports	NA (2001)	-
Imports - commodities	capital goods, raw materials and semi-manufactures, chemicals, petroleum, food	-
Imports - partners	Brazil 22%, Argentina 17.4%, US 15.6%, Chile 7%, Japan 5.5%, Peru 5.4%, China 4.8% (2002)	-
Independence	6 August 1825 (from Spain)	-
Industrial production growth rate	3.9% (1998)	-
Industries	mining, smelting, petroleum, food and beverages, tobacco, handicrafts, clothing	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 56.05 deaths/1,000 live births male: 59.75 deaths/1,000 live births female: 52.16 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2% (2001 est.)	-
International organization participation	ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MONUC, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMISET, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	9 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	1,280 sq km (1998 est.)	0 sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges appointed for 10-year terms by National Congress); District Courts (one in each department); provincial and local courts (to try minor cases)	-
Labor force	2.5 million	-
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%	-
Land boundaries	total: 6,743 km border countries: Argentina 832 km, Brazil 3,400 km, Chile 861 km, Paraguay 750 km, Peru 900 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 1.73% permanent crops: 0.21% other: 98.06% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)
Languages	Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara (official)	-
Legal system	based on Spanish law and Napoleonic Code; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (27 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (130 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms; note - some members are drawn from party lists, thus not directly elected) elections: Chamber of Senators and Chamber of Deputies - last held 30 June 2002 (next to be held NA June 2007) election results: Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - MNR 11, MAS 8, MIR 5, NFR 2, other 1; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - MNR 36, MAS 27, MIR 26, NFR 25, others 16	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 64.78 years male: 62.2 years female: 67.48 years (2003 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 87.2% male: 93.1% female: 81.6% (2003 est.)	-
Location	Central South America, southwest of Brazil	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island
Map references	South America	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 53 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 347,535 GRT/591,113 DWT ships by type: bulk 2, cargo 25, chemical tanker 4, container 4, livestock carrier 1, petroleum tanker 12, roll on/roll off 1, short-sea passenger 3, specialized tanker 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of Belize 2, China 2, Cuba 1, Cyprus 1, Egypt 1, Honduras 1, Latvia 2, Liberia 2, Panama 1, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1, Saudi Arabia 1, Singapore 1, South Korea 3, Switzerland 1, Ukraine 1, UAE 5, US 1 (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force
Military branches	Army (Ejercito Boliviano), Navy (Fuerza Naval, includes Marines), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Boliviana), National Police Force (Policia Nacional de Bolivia)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$147 million (FY99)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.8% (FY99)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 2,118,908 (2003 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 1,380,883 (2003 est.)	-
Military manpower - military age	19 years of age (2003 est.)	-
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 96,003 (2003 est.)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 6 August (1825)	-
Nationality	noun: Bolivian(s) adjective: Bolivian	-
Natural hazards	flooding in the northeast (March-April)	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards
Natural resources	tin, natural gas, petroleum, zinc, tungsten, antimony, silver, iron, lead, gold, timber, hydropower	fish
Net migration rate	-1.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
People - note	-	the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem
Pipelines	gas 4,860 km; liquid petroleum gas 47 km; oil 2,460 km; refined products 1,589 km; unknown (oil/water) 247 km (2003)	-
Political parties and leaders	Bolivian Socialist Falange or FSB [Romel PANTOJA]; Civic Solidarity Union or UCS [Johnny FERNANDEZ]; Free Bolivia Movement or MBL [Franz BARRIOS]; Marshal of Ayacucho Institutional Vanguard or VIMA [Freddy ZABALA]; Movement of the Revolutionary Left or MIR [Jaime PAZ Zamora]; Movement Toward Socialism or MAS [Evo MORALES]; Movement Without Fear or MSM [Juan DEL GRANADO]; Nationalist Democratic Action or ADN [Jorge Fernando QUIROGA Ramirez]; Nationalist Revolutionary Movement or MNR [Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA]; New Republican Force or NFR [Manfred REYES-VILLA]; Pachakuti Indigenous Movement or MIP [Felipe QUISPE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jeres JUSTINIANO] note: the MNR, MIR, and UCS comprise the ruling coalition	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	Cocalero Groups; indigenous organizations; labor unions; Sole Confederation of Campesino Workers of Bolivia or CSUTCB [Felipe QUISPE]	-
Population	8,586,443 (July 2003 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	70% (1999 est.)	-
Population growth rate	1.63% (2003 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Puerto Aguirre (on the Paraguay/Parana waterway, at the Bolivia/Brazil border); also, Bolivia has free port privileges in maritime ports in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Paraguay	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 171, FM 73, shortwave 77 (1999)	-
Railways	total: 3,519 km narrow gauge: 3,519 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 95%, Protestant (Evangelical Methodist)	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age, universal and compulsory (married); 21 years of age, universal and compulsory (single)	-
Telephone system	general assessment: new subscribers face bureaucratic difficulties; most telephones are concentrated in La Paz and other cities; mobile cellular telephone use expanding rapidly domestic: primary trunk system, which is being expanded, employs digital microwave radio relay; some areas are served by fiber-optic cable; mobile cellular systems are being expanded international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	-
Telephones - main lines in use	327,600 (1996)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	116,000 (1997)	-
Television broadcast stations	48 (1997)	-
Terrain	rugged Andes Mountains with a highland plateau (Altiplano), hills, lowland plains of the Amazon Basin	low with sand and coral
Total fertility rate	3.23 children born/woman (2003 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	7.6% note: widespread underemployment (2000)	-
Waterways	10,000 km (commercially navigable)	-

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